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This abbreviation and acronyms list explains terms frequently used in the area of documents related to the Banking Union. They are specifically used in relation to the Single Supervisory Mechanism, the Single Resolution Mechanism) and the application of the Capital Requirements Directive and the Capital Requirements Regulation. Terms were provided by Policy Department A at the request of the ECON Committee of the European Commission.
A-E glossary
ABCP asset-backed commercial paper
ABS asset-backed security
ABSPP Asset-Backed Securities Purchase Programme
ACH automated clearing house
AFS available for sale
ALM asset/liability management
AMLD Anti-Money Laundering Directive 2015/849
AnaCredit European Analytical Credit Dataset (ECB proposal)
ANFA agreement (between ECB and NCBs) on net-financial assets
AQR Asset Quality Review
ART alternative risk transfer
ASF available stable funding
AT Austria
AT1 Additional Tier 1 [capital instrument]
ATM automated teller machines (US term)
AVC asset value correlation
Basel III Third Basel Accord
B2B Business to Business
BCBS Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, https://www.bis.org/bcbs/
BCR basic capital requirement (insurance)
BE Belgium
BEPS Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (OECD project)
BG Bulgaria
BIC bank identifier code
BIS Bank for International Settlements (located in Basel)
BoP balance of payments
bps basis points: one one-hundredth (0.01) of a percentage point; example: five percent would be equal to 500 basis points (yield differences are often quoted in basis points)
BR Brazil
BRRD Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive 2014/59/EU
BSI balance sheet item
BU Banking Union (see graphic overview)
CA – comprehensive assessment (= AQR + Stress test);
– Competent authority;
– Capital conservation buffer (mandatory)
CAR Capital Adequacy Ratio (see also CRAR)
CbCR or CBCR Country-by-Country Reporting
CBPP covered bond purchase programme
CBR combined buffer requirement
CBSG Cross-Border Stability Group (SSM context)
CCAR comprehensive capital analysis and review (U.S. Federal Reserve)
CCBM correspondent central banking model
CCBM2 collateral central bank management (ECB)
CCF credit conversion factor
CCP central counterparty
CCR counterparty credit risk
CCyB countercyclical capital buffer
CD Certificate of Deposit
CDD customer due diligence (U.S.)
CDO collateralised debt oblication
CDR Constant Default Rate
CDS credit default swap
CEBS Committee of European Banking Supervisors (predecessor of EBA)
CEIOPS Committee of European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Supervisors (predecessor of EIOPA)
CEM current exposure method
CESAME Clearing and Settlement Advisory and Monitoring Expert Group (see CESAME Report 11/2008)
CET 1 Common Equity Tier 1
CFC controlled foreign corporation
CFR credit file review
CFTC Commodity Futures Trading Commission (U.S.), www.cftc.gov
CGSF Committee on the Global Financial System (hosted by the BIS,
Basel)
CH Switzerland
CIB corporate and investment banks
CL Chile
CLOB central limit order book
CLS Continuous Linked Settlement
CMBS commercial mortgage backed securities (U.S.)
CMG Crisis Management Group (SSM context)
CMU Capital Markets Union
CNAV constant net asset value (MMF context)
CoCo Contingent Convertible Bond
COMP European Commission Directorate General Competition,
http://ec.europa.eu/competition/
COREP Common Reporting (standardised EBA reporting framework for the
Capital Requirements Directive reporting covering credit risk,
market risk, operational risk, own funds and capital adequacy
ratios)
CP – Commercial Paper;
CP – Consultation Paper
CPMI Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures (successor of
CPSS as of September 2014, hosted by BIS, Basel)
CPMO Central Project Management Office
CPR Constant Prepayment Rate
CPSS Committee on Payments and Settlement Systems (predecessor of
CPMI)
CRAR Capital to Risk (Weighted) Assets Ratio (see also CAR)
CRD IV Capital Requirements Directive 2013/36/EU
CRE commercial real estate
CRM credit risk mitigation
CRR Capital Requirements Regulation (EU) No 575/2013
cRWA credit risk-weighted assets (see RWA)
CSA Credit Support Annex
CSD credit default swap
CSE covered swap entity (U.S. CFTC)
CSM clearing and settlement mechanism
CSPP Corporate Sector Purchase Programme (of the ECB)
CT1 Core Tier 1
CUSIP Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures (U.S. CUSIP numbers identify U.S. securities for trade and settlement; see ISIN for EU purposes)
CVA credit valuation adjustment
CY Cyprus
CZ Czech Republic
DB defined benefit (scheme where the employer promises a specific level of benefit defined by a formula based on the employee’s earnings and/or years of service)
DC defined contribution (scheme where the benefits depend on the contributions paid to which the employer committed)
DE Germany
DG Directorate General
DGI data gaps initiative (G20, FSB)
DGS(D) Deposit Guarantee Schemes (Directive 2014/49/EU)
DIF deposit insurance fund (see EDIS)
DIV data integrity validation
DK Denmark
DLT Distributed Ledger Technology (virtual currencies, block chain)
DP Discussion Paper
DRE Deposit Rate Elasticity
D-SIB domestic systemically important bank
DTAs Deferred Tax Assets (DTAs are the deferred tax assets that are deducted in full under Basel III, i.e. excluded are DTAs that are related to temporary differences, which are only deducted when they exceed a threshold)
DTLs Deferred Tax Liabilities
DVA debit valuation adjustment
DvD delivers-versus-delivery
DvP delivery-versus-payment
EAA euro area accounts
EAD exposure at default
EBA European Banking Authority
EBITDA earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization
EBPP electronic bill presentment and payment (services which enable the electronic transmission, browsing and payment of invoices)
ECAI External Credit Assessment Institution (EU synonym for rating agency)
EC – European Community/Communities;
– (often also used for) European Commission
ECB European Central Bank
ECN – electronic communication network (electronic trading system);
– European Competition Network
EDPS European Data Protection Supervisor
EDI electronic data interchange
EDIS European Deposit Insurance Scheme (proposal COM/2015/586)
EE Estonia
EEA European Economic Area
EEC European Economic Community (established 1957 by the Treaty of Rome)
EFSF European Financial Stability Facility
EFSI Euorpean Fund for Strategic Investments
EFTPOS electronic funds transfer at point-of-sale (terminal)
EGBPI (Commission) Expert Group on Banking, Payments and Insurance
EIOPA European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority
EL expected loss
ELMI electronic money institution (credit institution governed by a simplified regulatory regime because their activity is limited to the issuance of electronic money and services closely related thereto)
EM Emerging Markets
EMIR European Market Infrastructures Regulation (Regulation No 648/2012 on OTC derivatives, central counterparties and trade repositories)
EMU Economic and Monetary Union
EMV Europay, MasterCard and Visa (consortium EMVCo)
EONIA Euro Overnight Index Average (calculated by the ECB)
EPC European Payments Council
EPE expected positive exposure
ERF – European Resolution Fund (usually ‘Single Resolution Fund’,
see SRF);
– European Reporting Framework (ECB)
ERM enterprise risk management (insurance)
ES Spain
ESAs European Supervisory Authorities (EBA, EIOPA, ESMA)
ESCB European System of Central Banks (consists of the ECB and the
national central banks of all Member States)
ESFS European System of Financial Supervision
ESM European Stability Mechanism
ESMA European Securities and Markets Authority
ESRB European Systemic Risk Board
ETD Exchange-Traded Derivative
ETF Exchange-Traded Fund
EU European Union
EUREPO repo market reference rate for the euro
EURIBOR Euro Interbank Offered Rate
F-I
FAQ frequently asked question
FASB (U.S.) Financial Accounting Standards Board
FATCA (U.S.) Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act
FI Finland
FinCEN Financial Crimes Enforcement Network of the U.S. Treasury Department
FINREP (supervisory) financial reporting (Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 680/2014; see also EBA website)
FinTech technology-enabled financial innovation
FIRB foundation internal ratings-based approach (see IRBA)
FISMA European Commission Directorate General Financial Stability, Financial Services and Capital Markets Union
FMI Financial Market Infrastructure (see CPMI-IOSCO Principles for FMIs – PFMI)
FOLTF Failing or Likely To Fail (according to BRRD, resolution should be initiated when the competent authorities determine that a bank is failing or is likely to fail and resolution measures would prevent such failure within a reasonable timeframe. A bank will be considered to be failing or likely to fail when it is a) in breach of the requirements for continuing authorisation, b) its asset are less than its liabilities, c) it is unable to pay its debts as they fall due, or d) it requires extraordinary public support, see EBA Guidelines on the interpretation of the different circumstances when an institution shall be considered as failing or likely to fail under Article 32 (6) of Directive 2014/59/EU, EBA/GL/2015/07, 6.8.2015) free-of-payment
FR France
FRTB Fundamental Review of the Trading Book (BCBS 2016)
FSAP – (Commission) Financial Services Action Plan (28.10.1998);
– (IMF) Financial Sector Assessment Program
FSB Financial Stability Board
FTS fund transfer system
FV fair value
FVA Funding Valuation Adjustments
FVO fair value option
FVOCI fair value through OCI (other comprehensive income)
FVTPL fair value through P&L (profit and loss)
FX Foreign Exchange
G 20 Group of Twenty
GAAP Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (the accounting standards applicable in a given jurisdiction)
GDP Gross Domestic Product (value of all goods and services produced by an economy over a specified period; measure of economic activity)
GHOS Group of Governors and Heads of Supervision (the oversight body of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision)
Going concern
Gone concern
GLRA Group-Level Resolution Authority (e.g. SRB)
GR Greece
GSF group-wide supervision Framework (insurance)
G-SIB Global Systemically Important Bank
G-SIFI Global Systemically Important Financial Institution
G-SII – Global Systemically Important Institution;
– Global Systemically Important Insurance/Insurers
haircut – a risk control measure applied to underlying assets whereby the value of those underlying assets is calculated as the market value of the assets reduced by a certain percentage (the ‘haircut’); they are applied by a collateral taker in order to protect itself from losses resulting from declines in the market value of a security in the event that it needs to liquidate that collateral
HBS holistic balance sheet
HFT held-for-trading
HICP Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (calculated by Eurostat)
HLA Higher loss absorbency (capital; Solvency II context)
HQLA high-quality liquid assets
HU Hungary
HR Croatia
HR Human Resources
HTM held to maturity
Hybrid Capital
IA Impact Assessment
IAS International Accounting Standards
IASB International Accounting Standards Board
IBAN international bank account number
IBN[E]R incurred but not [enough] reported (provision for claims incurred but not reported by the balance-sheet date)
ICA Internal Capital Adequacy (Ratio)
ICAAP Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Process
ICPFs insurance corporations and pension funds
ICS Insurance Capital Standard
ICSD International central securities depository (in the EU: Euroclear
Bank (BE) and Clearstrem Banking (LU))
IDB Interdealer broker
IE Ireland
IFRIC International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee
IFRS International Financial Reporting Standards
IFTS interbank funds transfer system
ILAAP Internal Liquidity Adequacy Assessment Process
IMF International Monetary Fund
IMM Internal model method (see IRBA)
IOSCO International Organization of Securities Commissions
IRBA Internal Ratings-Based Approach
IRC incremental risk charge
IRT Internal Resolution team (e.g. SRB and NRA)
IRS – interest rate swaps (EMIR term);
– Internal Revenue Service (U.S. tax agency);
ISA – International Standards on Auditing;
– Individual Segregated Accounts (see Article 39(3) EMIR)
ISDA International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc.
ISIN International Securities Identification Number
IT – Italy
IT – Information Technology
ITS Implementing Technical Standard (Article 291 TFEU)
J-I Glossary
JP Japan
JPT Joint Project Team (European Comission)
JST* Joint Supervisory Team (in the context of SSM) junior debt
KID key information document
KIID key investor information document
KPI key performance indicator
KYC know your customer (principle)
LAC loss-absorbing capacity
L/C letter of credit
LCR Liquidity Coverage Ratio
LDI Liability-driven investment (pairing cashflow-matching assets with
forecast liability streams in the occupational pension sector)
LEI legal entity identifier (global standard consiting of a unique 20-character code that identifies distinct legal entities which engage in financial transactions; needed for reporting purposes, the LEI is designed to be non-proprietary data that is freely accessible to all)
LR Leverage Ratio
LGD loss given default;
– downturn LGD
LGI loss given impairment
LGL loss given loss
LIBOR London Interbank Offered Rate
LSI less significant institutions (in view of stress tests/AQR)
LSOC Legally Segregated but Operationally Comingled (accounts)
LTRO long-term refinancing operation
LT Lithuania
LTG long term guarantee (measures, insurance term)
LU Luxembourg
LV Latvia
LVNAV low volatility net asset value (e.g. investment fund context)
MBF market-based finance (U.K./FCA term for shadow banking)
MCD Mortgage Credit Directive 2014/17/EU
MCR minimum capital requirement
MDA maximum distributable amount [dividend]
MDB multilateral development bank
MDP multi-dealer platform (opposite SDP)
ME Montenegro, also MNE
MFI monetary financial institution
MiFID 2 Markets in Financial Instruments Directive 2014/65/EU
MIR Euro area and national MFI interest rate
MIS management information system
MMF money market fund
MOCE margin over current estimate
MoU Memorandum of Understanding
MPE multiple point of entry (liquidation procedure, opposite SPE)
MPOR Margin Period of Risk
MPS Macro prudential Policy and Surveillance (in insurance, IAIS framework)
MREL minimum requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities
MRO main refinancing operations
MSC merchant service charge
MSRs mortgage servicing rights
MT Malta
MTF multilateral trading facility (MiFID II)
MtM mark-to-market
MX Mexico
NAV Net asset value (e.g. investment fund context)
NCA national competent authority
NCB national central bank
NCWO no creditor worse off (principle/assessment)
NDB National development bank
NEM National execution measures (NEM data base in the area of mortgage credit, see MCD)
NFCs non-financing operations
nGAAP National Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
NL Netherlands
NO Norway
NODs National options and discretions (see also OND)
NPE non-performing exposure
NPL non-performing loan
NRA national resolution authority
NSFR Net Stable Funding Ratio (as of May 2016: U.S. interagency
proposed rule implementing quantitative liquidity requirements aiming at being consistent with the liquidity standard adopted by the Basel Committee in October 2014. It includes a net stable funding ratio for U.S. banking organisation with USD 250 billion or more in total consolidated assets or USD 10 billion or more in total on-balance sheet foreign exposure. Regulators may develop a separate version that would apply to foreign banking organisation. Under the NSFR requirement, a covered banking organisation would calculate a weighted measure of its available stable funding amount (ASF amount) over a one-year time horizon. The proposed rule would require a covered banking organization’s ASF amount to be greater than or equal to a minimum level of stable funding calculated based on the liquidity characteristics of its assets, derivative exposures, and commitments over the same one year time horizon.)
NTNI Non-traditional non-insurance (activities)
OBS off-balance sheet
OCI other comprehensive income
OECD Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
OIS overnight index swap
OND options and national discretions (or ‘O&D’, see also NOD)
OJ Official Journal of the European Union
OMT outright monetary transaction
OSA Omnibus Segregated Account (see Article 39(2) EMIR)
O-SII Other Systemically Important Institution
OTC over-the-counter (derivative/trading)
OTF organized trading facility (MiFID II)
P&L Profit and Loss (Statement) pari passu
PBO projected benefit obligations
PD Probability of Default (may refer to either the point-in-time or regulatory parameter);
– Through-the-cycle PD
PE – Parlement européen
– Performing
PE-ACH Pan-European automated clearing house
PFMIs CPMI-IOSCO Principles for Financial Market Infrastructures (2012)
PI Probability of impairment
Pillar 1, 2, 3
PIN personal identification number
PL Poland
PORCs producer owned reinsurance companies
POS point-of-sale (transaction)
PP&A Processes, policies and accounting review
Prudential filters
PSE Public sector entity
PSP payment service provider (SEPA context)
PSPP Public Sector Purchasing Progamme (Eurosystem)
PT Portugal
PV Present value
PvP payment-versus-payment
QA quality assurance
QAA quality assurance adjustment
QIS Qualitative Impact Study
RA resolution authority
RAG Red, Amber, Green
RAS Risk Assessment System
RBA ratings-based approach (see IRBA)
RC – risk control;
– resolution college
RCAP regulatory consistency assessment program (adopted by the BCBS in 2012, consisting of work streams monitoring the timely adoption of Basel III standards and assessing the consistency and completeness of the adopted standards. The RCAP currently focuses on risk-based capital standards, LCR and the SIBs framework. In 2017 also Basel III standards on NSFR and leverage ratio shall be covered. To facilitate implementation, BCBS has published in 2016 a Handbook for Jurisdictional Assessments, which updates the procedures and process for conducting assessments under the RCAP).
Repo repurchase agreement
RFQ request for quote
RL Risk Level
RO Romania
ROA Return on Assets
ROI Return on Investments
RRE Residential real estate
RSF Required Stable Funding
RS Serbia
RTGS real-time gross settlement (system)
RTS Regulatory Technical Standard (delegated act, Article 290 TFEU)
RU Russia
RWA Risk-weighted Assets
S-Z glossary
SA Standardized Approach (see also IRBA)
SBS security-based swap (U.S. SEC reporting term)
SCCL single-counterparty credit limits (large exposure rule by U.S.Federal Reserve Board, March 2016)
SCR Solvency Capital Requirement (under Solvency II Directive)
SCWP supervisory convergence work programme (ESMA)
SDD SEPA Direct Debit
SDP Single-dealer platform (opposite MDP)
SDW (ECB) Statistical Data Warehouse
SE Sweden
SEC – securities issues statistics (ECB);
– Securities and Exchange Commission (U.S.)
– Senior debt
SEP – Supervisory Examination Programme
– Supervisory Evaluation Plans (annual SSSM context)
SEPA Single European Payments Area
SERP Supervisory Review and Evaluation Process
SFT securities financing transaction
SI – Slovenia;
– Systematic internaliser (MiFID II)
SIV structured investment vehicle
SK Slovakia
SME small and medium-sized enterprise
SMP Securities Markets Programme
SNLP Stressed Net Liquidity Position
SORP (U.K.) statement of recommended practice
SPD Single Programming Document (of EBA, EIOPA and ESMA)
SPE – Supervisory Pilot Exercise (by the ECB, e.g. SPE4);
– Single point of entry (insolvency procedure, opposite MPE)
SPPI Solely Payments of Principal & Interest
SPV Special Purpose Vehicle
SRB Single Resolution Board (see SRMR)
SREP Supervisory Review and Evaluation Process (SSM context)
SRM Single Resolution Mechanism
SRMR Single Resolution Mechanism Regulation (EU) No 806/2014
SSM Single Supervisory Mechanism
SSP single shared platform
SSR Short Selling Regulation (EU) No 236/2012
SSS securities settlement system
ST Stress test
STE short-term exercise (reports; on 6.2.2015 the ECB launched the
STE to provide additional data to complement ITS data for the
SREP; STE supersedes the last SPE4)
STEP short-term European Paper
STP straight-through processing
STR suspicious transaction reporting (anti-money laundering)
STS simple, transparent and standardized (proposed framework for certain types of financial instruments, e.g. ABS) subordinated (debt)
T 1, 2, 3 Tier 1, 2, 3 [capital/instruments]
– Tier 1 common capital ratio
– Tier 1 total capital ratio
T2S TARGET2-Securities (see ECB’s Glossary of Terms related to Payment, Clearing and Settlement Systems)
TARGET Trans-European Automated Real-time Gross settlement Express Transfer system (the current system is TARGET2)
TLAC Total Loss-Absorbing Capacity (FSB’s requirement for global systemically important banks (G-SIBs)
TR – Turkey;
– trade repository
TRN transaction reference number
UCITS undertakings for the collective investment of transferable securities (UCITS IV Directive 2014/91/EU)
UK United Kindom
UPI unique product identifier
UTI unique transaction identifier
US United States (of America), also USA
VAR Value-at-risk
VNAV variable net asset value (MMF fund)
VRDN Variable Rate Demand Note
YRT yearly renewable term
Source: EC
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