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Countries Ranked by Their Economic Complexity

In the past, the trade between nations was a much simpler matter to grasp. Commodities and a few finished goods moved between a handful of countries in a straightforward way. Today, around 6,000 officially classified products pass through the world’s ports, and digital products and services zip across country lines creating an extra layer of difficulty in measuring economic activity.

To try to understand this enormous level of economic complexity, the team at Harvard’s Growth Lab have created the Country Complexity Ranking. Here’s a look at the top 50 countries in the ranking:

Rank	Country	Score	Top Export(s)
1	Japan	2.28	Cars, ICT (tech)
2	Switzerland	2.14	ICT, gold, packaged medicaments
3	South Korea	2.05	ICT, cars
4	Germany	2.02	Integrated circuits, ICT, cars
5	Singapore	1.81	ICT, cars
6	Czechia	1.79	Cars, vehicle parts
7	Austria	1.71	ICT, tourism
8	Finland	1.69	ICT
9	Sweden	1.67	ICT
10	Hungary	1.64	ICT, cars
11	Slovenia	1.57	Cars, ICT
12	United States	1.47	ICT, tourism
13	Italy	1.42	ICT, tourism
14	United Kingdom	1.42	ICT, finance
15	Slovakia	1.41	Cars
16	France	1.40	ICT, tourism
17	Ireland	1.39	ICT
18	Israel	1.37	ICT, diamonds
19	China	1.30	Electronic equipment
20	Mexico	1.27	Cars
21	Poland	1.19	ICT
22	Denmark	1.18	Transport, ICT
23	Belgium	1.16	ICT
24	Romania	1.16	ICT, vehicle parts
25	Thailand	1.15	Tourism
26	Netherlands	1.04	ICT
27	Estonia	1.03	ICT, transport
28	Malaysia	0.95	Integrated circuits
29	Belarus	0.93	Refined oils, ICT
30	Croatia	0.92	Tourism, ICT
31	Lithuania	0.85	Transport, refined oils
32	Spain	0.85	Tourism, ICT
33	Philippines	0.75	Integrated circuits, ICT
34	Portugal	0.72	Tourism, ICT
35	Canada	0.69	Crude oil, cars, ICT
36	B&H	0.65	Tourism, ICT
37	Serbia	0.65	ICT
38	Turkey	0.65	Tourism, transport
39	Latvia	0.64	Transport, ICT
40	Bulgaria	0.62	Tourism, ICT
41	Norway	0.56	Crude oil, petrol. gases
42	Ukraine	0.42	ICT, transport
43	Cyprus	0.38	Tourism, transport
44	Tunisia	0.34	Electrical wire, tourism
45	India	0.32	ICT
46	Costa Rica	0.30	ICT, tourism
47	Uruguay	0.29	Tourism, wood pulp
48	Brazil	0.24	Soya beans, iron ore
49	Russia	0.24	Crude oil, refined oils
50	Lebanon	0.24	Tourism, ICT

Japan, Switzerland, and South Korea sit at the top of the ranking. Czechia – which was recently ranked as the most attractive manufacturing destination in Europe – has a strong showing, ranking 6th in the world. The United States slipped out of the top 10 into 12th position.

Source: the Visual capitalist

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Countries Ranked by Their Economic Complexity

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